Sumas Environmental Services Inc. (Sumas) has constructed types
of bioremediation cells to meet the condition of the site and type
of contaminant requiring remediation. These include above or below
ground construction with earthen or concrete wall using various  types
of HDPE, PVC, and RPE liners. Based on the client needs, powered ventilation
or passive ventilation is implemented and the biocell sloped to eliminate
the accumulation of rainwater on the cover. A leachate collection
system with easy access for dewatering is also implemented.
In order to implement a bioremediation program to accelerate decomposition
of petroleum hydrocarbons, specific parameters are evaluated to
optimize the soil conditions for biodegradation. The impacted soil
must first be characterized in terms of its physical and chemical
properties. Factors such as pH, organic matter content, mineral
nutrient content, and textures have a major influence on treatment
effectiveness. Identification of indigenous hydrocarbon, degrading
bacterial populations is also performed to determine whether the
addition of microorganisms are necessary to promote biodegradation.
Sumas establishes a process monitoring program to maintain nutrient
ratios of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous that are optimal, but
not excessive. Because pH control and soil-moisture content are
critical elements in biodegradation, water is used as a carrier
for nutrient loading, and can be used
to modify pH levels. Operation of Sumas's biotreatment program is
established through comprehensive treatability studies to define
optimal treatment conditions for biodegradation to occur.
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